GS2 🏛️ Governance

JAM Trinity

The convergence of Jan Dhan bank accounts, Aadhaar biometric identity, and Mobile connectivity as the backbone for Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) and welfare scheme delivery in India.

Context & Background

Popularised in the Economic Survey 2014–15; implemented to plug leakages in subsidy delivery.

UPSC Exam Relevance

Key enabler of DBT; eliminates ghost beneficiaries and duplicate entries; associated with PFMS (Public Financial Management System) for fund tracking.